Safety: Individual and Environmental

Every question here, with the answer

1. A nurse comes upon a fiery car crash and sees one person inside the burning car who is not breathing. What is the nurse’s priority action?

   1. Begin rescue breathing immediately while the person remains in the car.
   2. Wait for the fire to stop before approaching the person.
   3. Focus first on determining the person’s medical history.
   4. Move the person to a safe place where CPR can be provided safely.

   Answer: Move the person to a safe place where CPR can be provided safely.

   The nurse must prioritize safety before initiating care. Providing rescue breathing inside a burning car places both the patient and nurse at risk; moving the person to a safe location allows CPR to be performed safely.

2. A nurse is teaching the parents of a 2-year-old about home safety. Which instructions should the nurse include? Select all that apply.

   1. Childproof the home environment.
   2. Assume the child can recognize most dangers independently.
   3. Include drowning prevention in the safety plan.
   4. Plan for choking and accidental poisoning prevention.
   5. Provide adult supervision for the child.

   Answer: Childproof the home environment., Include drowning prevention in the safety plan., Plan for choking and accidental poisoning prevention., Provide adult supervision for the child.

   Infants and toddlers are curious and lack judgment about danger, so supervision and childproofing are essential. Drowning, choking, and accidental poisoning are specifically identified as safety concerns for this age group; assuming the child can recognize danger is unsafe.

3. A nurse is providing safety education to a group of adolescents. Which topics are appropriate to include? Select all that apply.

   1. Why speed limits must be obeyed
   2. That parents can control most decisions adolescents make away from home
   3. Why they should never text while driving
   4. How and why seat belts are used
   5. Healthy ways to channel risk-taking, such as activism or athletic endeavors

   Answer: Why speed limits must be obeyed, Why they should never text while driving, How and why seat belts are used, Healthy ways to channel risk-taking, such as activism or athletic endeavors

   Adolescent safety teaching should address motor vehicle risks, including seat belts, speed limits, and texting while driving. The section also notes that adolescent risk-taking can be encouraged in healthy ways; it does not state that parents can control most decisions adolescents make away from home.

4. An older adult lives alone and has had recent difficulty keeping up with meals and household tasks. Which nursing assessment is the priority based on the safety concern?

   1. Focus only on whether the patient has had a motor vehicle accident.
   2. Recommend immediate relocation to an assisted living facility.
   3. Assume living alone means the patient is unsafe at home.
   4. Ask about the patient’s ability to complete activities of daily living.

   Answer: Ask about the patient’s ability to complete activities of daily living.

   Older adults living alone may have challenges with hygiene, nutrition, and household tasks, so assessing activities of daily living is appropriate. The section emphasizes balancing safety with independence, not assuming relocation is required solely because the person lives alone.

5. A patient with a new cast is told, “Do not get the cast wet.” Which follow-up action best evaluates the patient’s understanding and reduces risk from a health knowledge deficit?

   1. Tell the patient only to avoid taking baths.
   2. Document that the instruction was provided and end the teaching session.
   3. Ask the patient to repeat how they will protect the cast while bathing.
   4. Ask whether the patient has any questions and move on if they say no.

   Answer: Ask the patient to repeat how they will protect the cast while bathing.

   The teach-back method helps the nurse determine what the patient understood and clarify misinformation. Having the patient repeat or demonstrate how to protect the cast while bathing is more effective than simply giving a brief warning or relying on the patient to ask questions.

6. A nurse is assessing factors that may influence a patient’s choices and actions regarding safety. Which findings are described in the section as social determinants of health? Select all that apply.

   1. The patient’s education
   2. The patient’s income
   3. The situation the patient is in
   4. Where the patient lives
   5. The patient’s age

   Answer: The patient’s education, The patient’s income, The situation the patient is in, Where the patient lives

   The section identifies situations, where people live, income, and education as factors that influence safety choices and actions and names these as social determinants of health. Age is discussed elsewhere as a developmental safety consideration, but it is not included in this listed SDOH description.