Evolution of Nursing and Nursing Practice

Every question here, with the answer

1. A patient is scheduled for a first telehealth visit and tells the nurse, “I’m not sure how to get ready for this.” Which instruction is the nurse’s best response?

   1. Focus only on the video connection; health concerns and current medications can be discussed at a later appointment.
   2. Sit in a quiet, well-lit room and check that the device, internet connection, camera, and microphone are working before the visit.
   3. Wait for the provider to call and avoid using any technology until the visit begins.
   4. Come to the clinic in person because telehealth is not intended for a first visit.

   Answer: Sit in a quiet, well-lit room and check that the device, internet connection, camera, and microphone are working before the visit.

   The section’s telehealth example emphasizes preparing the environment and technology before the visit. The other options reduce access, delay important health discussion, or contradict the described telehealth process.

2. A nurse is caring for a patient whose family hesitates to follow recommended treatment because of cultural beliefs and language barriers. Which nursing actions are consistent with culturally competent care described in the section? Select all that apply.

   1. Hold thoughtful conversations to understand the family’s concerns and fears.
   2. Tell the family that cultural beliefs cannot be considered in the plan of care.
   3. Use a hospital interpreter fluent in the family’s native language.
   4. Provide educational materials in the family’s native language.
   5. Collaborate with a cultural competence team to develop a personalized care plan.

   Answer: Hold thoughtful conversations to understand the family’s concerns and fears., Use a hospital interpreter fluent in the family’s native language., Provide educational materials in the family’s native language., Collaborate with a cultural competence team to develop a personalized care plan.

   The section describes using an interpreter, exploring concerns, collaborating with a cultural competence team, and providing materials in the family’s native language. Dismissing cultural beliefs would conflict with the section’s emphasis on respecting diverse perspectives and building trust.

3. A nurse is helping coordinate care for a patient who sees multiple healthcare providers. Which digital record best supports shared access to the patient’s medical history across providers?

   1. A telehealth platform, because it is the same as a patient’s complete medical history.
   2. An electronic health record, because it is maintained and shared by multiple providers.
   3. A mobile health application, because it replaces provider documentation.
   4. An electronic medical record, because it is maintained and used by a single provider.

   Answer: An electronic health record, because it is maintained and shared by multiple providers.

   The section distinguishes an EHR from an EMR by noting that an EHR is shared by multiple providers, while an EMR is maintained by a single provider. The other options do not match the described purpose of a shared patient history.

4. A nurse is planning care for a patient who is anxious, has physical health needs, and wants to be included in decisions. Which actions demonstrate the integration of the art and science of nursing? Select all that apply.

   1. Apply evidence-based knowledge and clinical skills when planning care.
   2. Use effective communication and empathy to build a therapeutic relationship.
   3. Use scientific knowledge to assess, plan, implement, and evaluate care.
   4. Focus only on technical tasks and avoid discussing emotions.
   5. Ignore social concerns because nursing care should address only physical symptoms.

   Answer: Apply evidence-based knowledge and clinical skills when planning care., Use effective communication and empathy to build a therapeutic relationship., Use scientific knowledge to assess, plan, implement, and evaluate care.

   The art of nursing includes communication, empathy, emotional support, and therapeutic relationships, while the science of nursing includes evidence-based knowledge and clinical skills. Focusing only on tasks or only on physical symptoms conflicts with the section’s holistic, person-centered view of nursing.

5. A nurse manager is asked to recommend strategies to help address the continued nursing shortage. Which recommendation best reflects the section?

   1. Focus only on recruiting new nurses and avoid addressing burnout among current nurses.
   2. Reduce educational opportunities so nurses can enter practice faster.
   3. Limit collaboration with healthcare stakeholders because the shortage is mainly an individual nurse issue.
   4. Attract people to nursing, expand educational opportunities, and create supportive work environments to retain experienced nurses.

   Answer: Attract people to nursing, expand educational opportunities, and create supportive work environments to retain experienced nurses.

   The section identifies recruitment, education, and supportive work environments as efforts to address the shortage. The other options conflict with the section’s emphasis on burnout, retention, education, and collaborative strategic planning.

6. A hospital quality team is reviewing practices inspired by Florence Nightingale’s work during the Crimean War. Which actions reflect the section’s description of her contributions? Select all that apply.

   1. Conduct statistical analysis of patient outcomes.
   2. Reject hygiene practices because they are unrelated to nursing care.
   3. Implement rigorous cleanliness measures.
   4. Avoid measuring patient outcomes because caring should remain informal.
   5. Ensure proper ventilation in patient care areas.

   Answer: Conduct statistical analysis of patient outcomes., Implement rigorous cleanliness measures., Ensure proper ventilation in patient care areas.

   The section states that Nightingale reduced the spread of infectious diseases through cleanliness, ventilation, and statistical analysis of outcomes. Avoiding outcome measurement or rejecting hygiene contradicts the practices credited to Nightingale.